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/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------- *
* This file is part of GEL, www.imm.dtu.dk/GEL
* Copyright (C) the authors (see AUTHORS.txt) and DTU Informatics
*
* Principal authors:
* Christian Thode Larsen (thode2d@gmail.com)
* J. Andreas Baerentzen (jab@imm.dtu.dk)
*
* See LICENSE.txt for licensing information
* ----------------------------------------------------------------------- */
#include "quadric_simplify.h"
#include <queue>
#include <iostream>
#include <CGLA/Vec3d.h>
#include <CGLA/Vec3f.h>
#include <Geometry/QEM.h>
#include "Manifold.h"
#include "AttributeVector.h"
#include "smooth.h"
namespace HMesh
{
using namespace std;
using namespace CGLA;
using namespace Geometry;
namespace
{
int count = 0;
/* We create a record for each halfedge where we can keep its time
stamp. If the time stamp on the halfedge record is bigger than
the stamp on the simplification record, we cannot use the
simplification record (see below). */
struct HalfEdgeRec
{
HalfEdgeID h;
int time_stamp;
void halfedge_removed() {time_stamp = -1;}
HalfEdgeRec(): time_stamp(0) {}
};
/* The simpliciation record contains information about a potential
edge contraction */
struct SimplifyRec
{
Vec3d opt_pos; // optimal vertex position
HalfEdgeID h; // Index (into HalfEdgeRec vector) of edge
// we want to contract
float err; // Error associated with contraction
int time_stamp; // Time stamp (see comment on HalfEdgeRec)
int visits; // Visits (number of times we considered this
// record).
};
bool operator<(const SimplifyRec& s1, const SimplifyRec& s2)
{
return s1.err > s2.err;
}
class QuadricSimplifier
{
typedef priority_queue<SimplifyRec> SimplifyQueue;
typedef VertexAttributeVector<QEM> QEMVec;
typedef HalfEdgeAttributeVector<HalfEdgeRec> HalfEdgeVec;
Manifold& m;
HalfEdgeVec halfedge_vec;
QEMVec qem_vec;
SimplifyQueue sim_queue;
double singular_thresh;
bool choose_optimal_positions;
/* Compute the error associated with contraction of he and the
optimal position of resulting vertex. */
void push_simplify_rec(const Manifold& m, HalfEdgeID h);
/* Check whether the contraction is valid. See below for details*/
bool check_consistency(const Manifold& m, HalfEdgeID h, const Vec3d& opt_pos);
/* Update the time stamp of a halfedge. A halfedge and its opp edge
may have different stamps. We choose a stamp that is greater
than either and assign to both.*/
void update_time_stamp(const Manifold& m, HalfEdgeID h)
{
HalfEdgeWalker w = m.halfedgewalker(h);
HalfEdgeID ho = w.opp().halfedge();
int time_stamp = s_max( halfedge_vec[h].time_stamp, halfedge_vec[ho].time_stamp);
++time_stamp;
halfedge_vec[h].time_stamp = time_stamp;
halfedge_vec[ho].time_stamp = time_stamp;
}
/* Update time stamps for all halfedges in one ring of vi */
void update_onering_timestamp(const Manifold& m, VertexID v);
/* Perform a collapse - if conditions are met. Returns 1 or 0
accordingly. */
int collapse(Manifold& m, SimplifyRec& simplify_rec);
public:
/* Create a simplifier for a manifold */
QuadricSimplifier(Manifold& _m, double _singular_thresh, bool _choose_optimal_positions)
: m(_m),
halfedge_vec(_m.total_halfedges()),
qem_vec(_m.total_vertices()),
singular_thresh(_singular_thresh),
choose_optimal_positions(_choose_optimal_positions)
{}
/* Simplify doing at most max_work contractions */
void reduce(int max_work);
};
bool QuadricSimplifier::check_consistency(const Manifold& m, HalfEdgeID h, const Vec3d& opt_pos)
{
HalfEdgeWalker w = m.halfedgewalker(h);
VertexID v0 = w.vertex();
VertexID v1 = w.opp().vertex();
Vec3d p0(m.pos(v0));
/* This test is inspired by Garland's Ph.D. thesis. We try
to detect whether flipped triangles will occur by sort of
ensuring that the new vertex is in the hull of the one rings
of the vertices at either end of the edge being contracted
I also had an additional check intended to ensure that poor valencies
would not be introduced, but it seemed to be unnecessary.
*/
for(HalfEdgeWalker w = m.halfedgewalker(v0); !w.full_circle(); w = w.circulate_vertex_cw()){
//ConstHalfEdgeHandle h = vc.halfedge();
if(w.vertex()!= v1 && w.next().vertex() != v1){
Vec3d pa(m.pos(w.vertex()));
Vec3d pb(m.pos(w.next().vertex()));
Vec3d dir = normalize(pb - pa);
Vec3d n = p0 - pa;
n = n - dir * dot(dir,n);
if(dot(n,opt_pos - pa) <= 0)
return false;
}
}
return true;
}
void QuadricSimplifier::push_simplify_rec(const Manifold& m, HalfEdgeID h)
{
HalfEdgeWalker w = m.halfedgewalker(h);
VertexID hv = w.vertex();
VertexID hov = w.opp().vertex();
// Get QEM for both end points
const QEM& Q1 = qem_vec[hv];
const QEM& Q2 = qem_vec[hov];
QEM q = Q1;
q += Q2;
float err;
Vec3d opt_pos(0);
Vec3d opt_origin = Vec3d(m.pos(hv) + m.pos(hov)) * 0.5;
if(choose_optimal_positions)
opt_pos = q.opt_pos(singular_thresh,opt_origin);
else{
Vec3d p1(m.pos(hv)), p2(m.pos(hov));
float err1 = q.error(p1);
float err2 = q.error(p2);
if(err1<err2) {
err = err1;
opt_pos = p1;
}
else{
err = err2;
opt_pos = p2;
}
}
err = q.error(opt_pos);
// Create SimplifyRec
SimplifyRec simplify_rec;
simplify_rec.opt_pos = opt_pos;
simplify_rec.err = err;
simplify_rec.h = h;
simplify_rec.time_stamp = halfedge_vec[h].time_stamp;
simplify_rec.visits = 0;
// push it.
sim_queue.push(simplify_rec);
}
void QuadricSimplifier::update_onering_timestamp(const Manifold& m, VertexID v)
{
// For all emanating edges h
for(HalfEdgeWalker w = m.halfedgewalker(v); !w.full_circle(); w = w.circulate_vertex_cw()){
HalfEdgeID h = w.halfedge();
update_time_stamp(m, h);
push_simplify_rec(m, h);
}
}
int QuadricSimplifier::collapse(Manifold& m, SimplifyRec& simplify_rec)
{
HalfEdgeID h = halfedge_vec[simplify_rec.h].h;
HalfEdgeWalker w = m.halfedgewalker(h);
// Check the time stamp to verify that the simplification
// record is the newest. If the halfedge has been removed
// the time stamp is -1 and the comparison will also fail.
if(halfedge_vec[h].time_stamp == simplify_rec.time_stamp){
HalfEdgeWalker wo = w.opp();
VertexID v = wo.vertex();
VertexID n = w.vertex();
// If the edge is, in fact, collapsible
if(precond_collapse_edge(m, h)){
// If our consistency checks pass, we are relatively
// sure that the contraction does not lead to a face flip.
if(check_consistency(m, h, simplify_rec.opt_pos) && check_consistency(m, wo.halfedge(), simplify_rec.opt_pos)){
//cout << simplify_rec.err << " " << &(*he->vert) << endl;
// Get QEM for both end points
const QEM& Q1 = qem_vec[n];
const QEM& Q2 = qem_vec[v];
// Compute Q_new = Q_1 + Q_2
QEM q = Q1;
q += Q2;
// Mark all halfedges that will be removed as dead
halfedge_vec[w.halfedge()].halfedge_removed();
halfedge_vec[wo.halfedge()].halfedge_removed();
if(w.next().next().next().halfedge() == h){
halfedge_vec[w.next().halfedge()].halfedge_removed();
halfedge_vec[w.next().next().halfedge()].halfedge_removed();
}
if(wo.next().next().next().halfedge() == wo.halfedge()){
halfedge_vec[wo.next().halfedge()].halfedge_removed();
halfedge_vec[wo.next().next().halfedge()].halfedge_removed();
}
// Do collapse
m.collapse_edge(h);
m.pos(n) = Vec3f(simplify_rec.opt_pos);
qem_vec[n] = q;
update_onering_timestamp(m, n);
return 1;
}
}
// If we are here, the collapse was not allowed. If we have
// seen this simplify record less than 100 times, we try to
// increase the error and store the record again. Maybe some
// other contractions will make it more digestible later.
if(simplify_rec.visits < 100){
simplify_rec.err *= 1.01f;
++simplify_rec.visits;
sim_queue.push(simplify_rec);
}
}
return 0;
}
void QuadricSimplifier::reduce(int max_work)
{
// Set t = 0 for all halfedges
for(HalfEdgeIDIterator h = m.halfedges_begin(); h != m.halfedges_end(); ++h){
halfedge_vec[*h].h = *h;
}
cout << "Computing quadrics" << endl;
// For all vertices, compute quadric and store in qem_vec
for(VertexIDIterator v = m.vertices_begin(); v != m.vertices_end(); ++v){
Vec3d p(m.pos(*v));
Vec3d vn(normal(m, *v));
QEM q;
for(HalfEdgeWalker w = m.halfedgewalker(*v); !w.full_circle(); w = w.circulate_vertex_cw()){
FaceID f = w.face();
if(f != InvalidFaceID){
Vec3d n(normal(m, f));
double a = area(m, f);
q += QEM(p, n, a / 3.0);
}
if ((f == InvalidFaceID || w.opp().face() == InvalidFaceID ) && sqr_length(vn) > 0.0){
Vec3d edge = Vec3d(m.pos(w.vertex())) - p;
double edge_len = sqr_length(edge);
if(edge_len > 0.0){
Vec3d n = cross(vn, edge);
q += QEM(p, n, 2*edge_len);
}
}
}
qem_vec[*v] = q;
}
cout << "Pushing initial halfedges" << endl;
for(HalfEdgeIDIterator h = m.halfedges_begin(); h != m.halfedges_end(); ++h){
if(halfedge_vec[*h].time_stamp == 0){
update_time_stamp(m, *h);
push_simplify_rec(m, *h);
}
}
cout << "Simplify";
int work = 0;
while(!sim_queue.empty() && work < max_work){
SimplifyRec simplify_record = sim_queue.top();
sim_queue.pop();
work += 2*collapse(m, simplify_record);
if((sim_queue.size() % 10000) == 0){
cout << ".";
//cout << "work = " << work << endl;
//cout << "sim Q size = " << sim_queue.size() << endl;
}
}
cout << endl;
}
}
void quadric_simplify(Manifold& m, double keep_fraction, double singular_thresh, bool choose_optimal_positions)
{
gel_srand(1210);
int F = m.active_faces();
int max_work = max(0, F- static_cast<int>(keep_fraction * F));
QuadricSimplifier qsim(m, singular_thresh, choose_optimal_positions);
qsim.reduce(max_work);
}
}